Side effects of antipsychotic medications

Antipsychotic medications are used primarily to treat conditions such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and severe depression. While they can be effective, they also come with potential side effects. Here are some common side effects associated with antipsychotic medications:

### Common Side Effects

- **Sedation or drowsiness**

- **Weight gain**

- **Dry mouth**

- **Constipation**

- **Blurry vision**

- **Dizziness or lightheadedness**

- **Increased appetite**

### Extrapyramidal Symptoms (EPS)

These are drug-induced movement disorders and can include:

- **Tremors**

- **Rigidity**

- **Bradykinesia** (slowness of movement)

- **Akathisia** (restlessness)

- **Dystonia** (involuntary muscle contractions)

### Tardive Dyskinesia

- A serious condition that involves involuntary, repetitive body movements, often occurring after long-term use of antipsychotics.

### Metabolic Side Effects

- **Increased blood sugar levels** (risk of diabetes)

- **Increased cholesterol levels**

- **Weight gain** (more common with certain antipsychotics)

### Cardiovascular Effects

- **Orthostatic hypotension** (drop in blood pressure when standing up)

- **Prolonged QT interval** (which can lead to serious heart issues)

### Hormonal Changes

- **Galactorrhea** (unexpected milk production)

- **Menstrual irregularities**

- **Increased prolactin levels**

### Other Considerations

- **Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS)**: A rare but life-threatening reaction characterized by high fever, muscle rigidity, and autonomic instability.

- **Withdrawal symptoms**: If discontinued suddenly, some individuals may experience withdrawal symptoms.

### Important Note

Always consult a healthcare provider regarding any side effects experienced while on antipsychotic medications, as they can offer guidance on managing these effects and may adjust the treatment plan as necessary. Regular follow-ups are crucial to monitor for side effects and overall effectiveness.

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